An essential component of a developer's journey is debugging. Regardless of your level of experience, you will run into mistakes that prevent your project from working as intended. The good news is that most mistakes are fixable with a little perseverance, investigation, and problem-solving techniques. This easy-to-follow tutorial will help you debug like a pro!
1. Read the Error Message Carefully
The first thing to do when your code throws an error is to read the error message carefully, regardless of whether it appears in the terminal or browser console. A lot of mistakes have useful information that can point you in the direction of the main problem. Be mindful of:
The error type (e.g.,
TypeError,ReferenceError, etc.).The file and line number where the error occurred.
Any message that indicates what went wrong, like "undefined is not a function" or "cannot read property 'x' of undefined."
Sometimes, simply reading and understanding the error message will point you in the right direction.
2. You Are Not Alone: Google the Error
The chances are high that you’re not the first person to encounter this error. In fact, 90% of the time, someone else has already faced the same issue, and there are online discussions about it.
Search the error message on Google: Try copying the error message (or a meaningful part of it) and pasting it into Google. Be specific with your search, and include any relevant keywords about your tech stack (e.g., "React TypeError cannot read property").
Improve your search skills: If you don't find a solution right away, tweak your search terms. Adding or removing details can help refine your results.
Leverage Stack Overflow: It's one of the most popular platforms for finding solutions to coding issues. There’s a good chance someone else has posted about your error, and the community has already provided a solution.
3. Check GitHub Issues
If you're utilizing open-source libraries or frameworks, look through the problems section of the GitHub repository. Errors can occasionally be the result of library defects, for which developers may have already filed a bug report. Perhaps a pull request with a fix or a suggested solution is available.
4. Read the Official Documentation
The official documentation of the library or framework can be your best friend when you run into an issue and are unable to figure out a simple fix. Documents frequently contain best practices, common pitfalls, and examples that might aid in your understanding of the problem.
5. Don't Always Rely on AI for Debugging
While using AI tools like ChatGPT can be helpful, they may not always provide the right solution because they don’t know the full context of your project. Here’s why you should debug manually before turning to AI:
You learn better: Debugging on your own helps you understand the root cause of issues, which will improve your problem-solving skills over time.
Context matters: AI tools may not be aware of the full context or nuances of your project, which could result in irrelevant suggestions.
Try to figure out the issue on your own first. You can ask AI tools for basic advice or suggestions if you need assistance, but don't depend solely on them.
6. Learn to Use Developer Tools
Browser developer tools (DevTools) are essential for debugging web applications. Familiarize yourself with features such as:
The Console: Displays error messages and logs.
Sources tab: Lets you view and debug your JavaScript code by setting breakpoints.
Network tab: Helps you inspect network requests, see which API calls failed, and why.
Elements tab: Useful for inspecting and modifying the DOM and CSS in real-time.
Spend some time familiarizing yourself with the fundamental features of DevTools if you're not familiar with them. This is an effective toolkit for debugging web applications.
7. Break Down the Problem
If you’re struggling to figure out what’s causing the error, try isolating the issue. Here’s how:
Comment out or disable sections of code: This can help identify which part of the code is causing the problem.
Simplify your code: Try to reproduce the issue with the smallest amount of code possible. If you can replicate the error with a minimal example, you’ll have a much better idea of what’s going wrong.
Use logging to trace the problem: Add
console.log()statements or other debugging output to track the flow of your code and identify where it goes off the rails.
8. Don't Hesitate to Ask for Help
If you’ve tried everything and still can't solve the issue, it’s okay to ask for help. When you do:
Explain what you’ve already tried: This shows that you’ve put in effort and can help others suggest more advanced troubleshooting steps.
Provide relevant code snippets and error messages: Make sure to include enough information so others can understand the context.
Be polite and patient: People are more likely to help if you’re respectful and show appreciation for their time.
9. Practice Makes Perfect
The ability to debug gets better with practice. The more issues you troubleshoot and resolve, the more adept you will be at seeing trends and typical mistakes.
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Watch My YouTube Video on Debugging
If you prefer a visual explanation, check out my YouTube video where I walk you through these debugging strategies in detail. I share practical tips, demonstrate how to use developer tools, and show real-world examples of solving errors.
Conclusion
Debugging is a fundamental skill for developers. The process involves reading error messages, searching online, using tools like Stack Overflow and GitHub, and practicing with developer tools. Remember that every bug you solve is a learning opportunity. Don't be discouraged by errors; embrace them as part of the journey toward becoming a better developer.
Keep these tips in mind, and before you know it, you'll be solving bugs like a pro! Happy debugging!